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Amoxitab / Amoxicap
Description
Amoxitab 125 Tablet (Flavoured) - Round, pink uncoated tablet with
tuttifrutti flavour, "HOVID" embossed on one face and breakbar embossed on
the other face.
Amoxitab 250 Tablet (Flavoured) - Round, light yellow uncoated tablet with
grenadine flavour, "HOVID" embossed on one face and break-bar embossed on
the other face.
Amoxicap 250 Capsule - Scarlet and grey capsule with "AX250" printed on one
end and "HD" printed on the other end.
Amoxicap 500 Capsule - Scarlet opaque/yellow opaque capsule with "AX500"
printed on one end and "HD" printed on the other end.
Composition
Amoxitab 125 Tablet (Flavoured) - Amoxycillin (as trihydrate) 125 mg/tablet
Amoxitab 250 Tablet (Flavoured) - Amoxycillin (as trihydrate) 250 mg/tablet
Amoxicap 250 Capsule - Amoxycillin (as trihydrate) 250 mg/capsule
Amoxicap
500 Capsule - Amoxycillin (as trihydrate) 500 mg/capsule
Actions and Pharmacology
Amoxycillin, a bactericidal antibiotic, inhibits bacterial cell wall
synthesis by preventing cross-linkage of peptidoglycan chains which is
necessary for bacterial cell wall strength and rigidity. Cell division and
growth are inhibited and lysis of susceptible bacteria frequently occurs.
Oral absorption is not greatly influenced by the presence of food and
excretion is mainly via renal and biliary systems.
Indications
For treatment of :
•
Ear, nose and throat infections caused by streptococci, pneumococci,
nonpenicillinase - producing staphylococci and H. influenzae.
• Genitourinary
tract infections caused by E. coli, P mirabilis, S. faecalis.
• Skin and soft-tissues infections caused by streptococci, nonpenicillinase -
producing staphylococci and E. coli.
• Anogenital and urethral gonorrhoea
caused by N. gonorrhoea.
Contraindications
•
Contraindicated in patients known to be sensitive to penicillin.
• Avoid in patients with infectious mononucleosis because of increased risk
of skin rashes.
Precautions
•
As with any potent drug, periodic assessment of renal, hepatic and
hematopoietic function should be made during prolonged therapy. The
possibility of superinfections with myocotic or bacterial pathogens should
be kept in mind during therapy. If superinfections occur (usually involving
Enterobacter, Pseudomonas or Candida), the drug should be discontinued
and/or appropriate therapy instituted.
•
Caution in patients with known histories of allergy.
• Should be used with caution in pregnancy and lactation. Safety for use in
pregnancy has not been established.
• Reduced doses may be required in
patients with severe impaired renal function.
Warnings
Serious and occasionally fatal hypersensitivity (anaphylactoid) reactions
have been reported in patients on penicillin therapy although anaphylaxis is
more frequent following parenteral therapy, it has occurred in patients on
oral penicillins. These reactions are more likely to occur in individuals
with a history of sensitivity to multiple allergens. There have been reports
of individuals with a history of penicillin hypersensitivity who have
experienced severe reactions when treated with Cephalosporins. Before
therapy with any penicillin, careful inquiry should be made concerning
previous hypersensitivity reactions to Penicillins, Cephalosporins or other
allergens. If an allergic reaction occurs, appropriate therapy should be
instituted and discontinuance of amoxicillin therapy considered. Serious
anaphylactoid reactions require immediate emergency treatment with
Epinephrine. Oxygen, intravenous steroids and airway management, including
incubation, should also be administered as indicated.
Side/Adverse Effects
•
Hypersensitivity reaction : Rash and less frequently as exfoliative
dermatitis or erythema multiforme.
• Hemolytic effects : Hemolytic anemia / anemia / eosinophilia / leukopenia /
neutropenia / agranulocytosis /
thrombocytopenia / thrombocytopenic purpura.
• G. I. effects : Diarrhoea, nausea, vomiting, black hairy tongue, glossitis,
stomatitis, sore mouth or tongue.
• Renal effects : Acute interstitial
nephritis.
• Hepatic effects : A moderate increase in serum concentration of AST (SGOT).
Drug Interactions
•
Concurrent use with Allopurinol or Probenecid requires careful monitoring.
•
Concurrent use with Chloramphenicol, Erythromycins, Sulfonamides and
Tetracycline may interfere with the bactericidal effect of amoxycillin.
Overdose
Clinical features : Anorexia, nausea, vomiting, abdominal discomfort,
diarrhoea.
Treat overdose by emesis or gastric lavage, if appropriate and other
supportive measures.
Dosage and Administration
Adults : Oral, 250 to 500 mg every eight hours; or as directed.
Children :
Infants up to 6 kg of body weight - Oral, 25 - 50 mg every 8
hours
Infants 6 - 8 kg of body weight - Oral, 50 - 100 mg every 8 hours
Infants and children 8 - 20 kg of body weight - Oral, 6.7 - 13.3 mg/kg of
body weight every 8 hours
Children 20 kg of body weight and over - See adult
dose
Note : The information given here is limited. For further information
consult your doctor or pharmacist.
Storage
Store below 25"C. Protect from moisture.
Presentation/Packing
Tablet 125 mg x 100's, 1000's, blisters 10 x 10's
Tablet 250 mg x 100's, 500's, blisters 10 x 10's
Capsule 250 mg x 100's, 500's, 1000's, blisters 10 x 10's
Capsule 500 mg x
100's, 500's, blisters 10 x 10's |
