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CLAMOVID BID 1000 TABLET
CLAMOVID
BID GRANULES
CLAMOVID BID FORTE GRANULES
Description
Tablet : White, oblong film-coated tablet.
Granules: Creamy. white coloured homogenous powder.
Composition
Clamovid BID 1000 Tablet
Amoxycillin (as trihydrate) ........................... 875 mg/tab
Clavulanic Acid (as potassium clavulanate)
...125 mg/tab
Clamovid BID Granules
Amoxycillin (as trihydrate) .......................... 200 mg/5 ml
Clavulanic Acid (as potassium clavulanate) .. 28 mg/5 ml
Clamovid BID Forte Granules
Amoxycillin (as trihydrate) ............................ 400 mg/5 ml
Clavulanic Acid (as potassium clavulanate) .... 57 mg/5 ml
Actions and Pharmacology
Amoxycillin is a broad-spectrum bactericidal antibiotic which exerts its
killing action on growing and dividing bacteria by inhibiting bacterial cell
wall synthesis. Clavulanic acid by itself has little antibacterial activity.
However, in combination with amoxycillin, it extends the spectrum of
amoxycillin to cover a wider range of organisms, including many resistant to
other beta-lactam antibiotics.
Oral absorption of Clamovid is optimised at the start of a meal. The
presence of food does not appear to diminish the total amount absorbed.
Amoxycillin is widely distributed in body tissues and fluids. It crosses the
placenta and small amounts are excreted in breast milk. Amoxycillin is
metabolised to a limited extent to penicilloic acid whilst clavulanic acid
may be metabolised more extensively than amoxycillin. Excretion is mainly
via renal and biliary systems.
Indications
For treatment of acute otitis media, sinusitis, pneumonia, skin and soft
tissue infections, urinary tract infections caused by betalactamase-producing
bacteria.
Contraindications
-
Contraindicated in patients known to be hypersensitive to penicillin.
Attention should be paid to possible cross-sensitivity with other beta-lactam
antibiotics e.g. cephalosporins.
- Contraindicated in patients with a previous
history of penicillinassociated jaundice/hepatic dysfunction.
- Contraindicated in patients with infectious mononucleosis.
Precautions / Warnings
- Patients sensitive to one penicillin may be allergic to other penicillins
or related antibiotics such as cephalosporins, cephamycins or beta-lactamase
inhibitors. - Caution in patients with history of allergy such as asthma,
eczema, hay fever or hives.
- Caution in patients with a history of bleeding disorders.
-
Caution in patients with a history of gastrointestinal disease
especially ulcerative colitis, regional enteritis or antibiotic
associated colitis.
- Caution in patients with impaired renal function. Adjustment of
dosage may be necessary.
- Use with caution in patients with hepatic dysfunction as changes
in liver function tests have been observed.
-
Erythematous rashes have been associated with glandular fever
in patients receiving amoxycillin.
-
Prolonged use may also occasionally result in overgrowth of non-susceptible organisms.
Use in Pregnancy and Lactation
-
Use should be avoided in pregnancy, especially in the first trimester,
unless considered essential by the physician.
- Clamovid may be administered
during the period of lactation. With the exception of the risk of
sensitisation, associated with the excretion of trace quantities in breast
milk, there are no known detrimental effects for the breast-fed infant.
Side/Adverse Effects
Side effects are uncommon and mainly of a mild and transitory
nature.
-
Gastrointestinal effects : Diarrhoea, indigestion, nausea, vomiting and
mucocutaneous candidiasis have been reported. Taking Clamovid at the start
of meals may reduce them.
-
Genito-urinary effects :Vaginal itching, soreness and
discharge.
-
CNS effects Convulsions may occur with impaired renal function or in those
receiving high doses.
-
Hepatic effects Moderate and symptomatic rises in AST and /or ALT and
alkaline phosphatase. The risk increases with the duration of treatment
longer than 14 days.
- Hypersensitivity reactions : Urticarial and erythematous skin rashes,
angioedema and anaphylaxis have been reported. Treatment should be
discontinued if these symptoms occurs.
- Haematological effects : As
with other beta-lactams, transient leucopenia, thrombocytopenia and
haemolytic anaemia have been reported rarely.
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