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Hova Expectorant Description
Brown, viscous liquid with raspberry flavour
Composition
Each 5 ml contains:
Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride
14.0 mg
Ammonium Chloride 135.0 mg
Sodium Citrate 57.0 mg
Actions and Pharmacology
Diphenhydramine, an antihistamine, acts by competing with histamine for H1
-receptor sites on effector cells. Its muscarinic actions provide a drying
effect on the nasal mucosa. It also suppresses the cough reflex by a direct
effect on the cough center in the medulla of the brain. Both ammonium
chloride and sodium citrate are useful ingredients in expectorants. It is
readily absorbed orally, metabolised in the liver and excreted in the urine.
Indications
For control of cough due to colds or allergy, and alleviation of nasal and
bronchial congestion.
Contraindications
• Avoid in patients known to be hypersensitive to antihistamines.
• Not recommended in patients with hepatic or renal function impairment and
in nursing mothers.
• It should not be used in newborn or premature infants because of the
higher risk of adverse effects with antihistamines.
Precautions
• Caution in patients with glaucoma, prostatic hypertrophy, cardiovascular
disease, hypertension or acute asthma.
• This medication may cause
drowsinesse Caution when driving or operating machinery. Avoid alcoholic
beverages.
• Safety for use in pregnancy has
not been established.
• Not to be used in children less than 2 years of age.
• To be used with caution and doctor's advice in children 2 to 6 years of
age.
Main Side/Adverse Effects
• Drowsiness, nausea, vomiting.
• Geriatric patients are especially susceptible to the anticholinergic side
effects, such as dryness of mouth and urinary retention (especially in
males), of the antihistamines. If these side effects occur and continue or
are severe, medication should probably be discontinued.
Drug Interactions
• Concurrent use with alcohol, other CNS depressants, tricyclic
antidepressants, or antimuscarinics may potentiate the effects of either
these medications or diphenhydramine.
• Co-administration of monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors may prolong and
intensify the antimuscarinic effects of diphenhydramine and is generally not
recommended.
Overdosage
Clinical features: Drowsiness, headache, tachycardia, disorientation,
staggering gait, hallucinations, respiratory depression, convulsions. Treat
overdosage by emesis or gastric lavage, if appropriate, with the necessary
symptomatic and supportive measures, if required.
Dosage and Administration
Adults :
Oral, 10 ml every six hours.
Children :
2 to 6 years : Oral, 2.5 ml every
six hours, as needed, not exceeding 10ml a day.
7 to 12 years : Oral, 5 ml every
six hours, as needed, not exceeding 20ml a day.
Storage :
Store below 25°C.
Presentation/Packing :
Expectorant x 3.6 Litres, 100 ml,
120 ml
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