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 Phytolacca decandra/P. americana (Phytolaccaeae)
POKE ROOT, POKEWEED, AMERICAN NIGHTSHADE
The dried root and berries are
given by herbalists as tablets or a tincture for rheumatic and respiratory
conditions. Homeopaths use Phytolacca for problems ranging from pain
to dizziness.
The name poke root is an Americanization of the original North American Indian name.
The herb was used originally to treat venereal disease, but settlers soon learnt of
its other valuable effects and it has become a useful herb in Western herbal medicine.
Poke root was introduced to Europe in the 19th century and is now cultivated both
there and in North America. A perennial, it has strong smelling,
oblong to spear-shaped leaves and white to pink flowers, which are followed by round, soft, purple berries.
PARTS USED
Dried root, berries.
ACTIVE INGREDIENTS
Triterpenoid saponins, the
phytolaccosides A, B, C, D, and E; lectins; glycoproteins known as pokeweed mitogen.
ACTIONS
Anti-inflammatory; stimulates the immune system;
lymphatic; antirheumatic; kills parasites; antifungal.
MEDICINAL USE
Used to treat rheumatoid arthritis
and similar auto-immune diseases, inflammatory disease of the respiratory system,
conditions where the lymphatic system needs stimulating, and skin diseases.
Given homeopathically (Phytolacca) for shooting pains, dizziness on standing,
pain in the eyes, sore throats, earache, stiff neck, hip pain, nausea, and painful lumpy breasts.
The Chinese prescribe a close relative, P. acinosa, for oedema (swelling with water retention) and abdominal distension.
PREPARATIONS
Tincture, tablets.
CAUTION
Large doses may be cathartic and emetic. Use only under the guidance of a qualified practitioner.
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